團體運動，讓你的孩子更有活力

《生活品質應用研究》期刊上發表最新研究結果：參與團隊運動的美國中學生，其體力和精神狀態都比未參與團隊運動的學生好。

(圖片提供／大家健康)


未參與團體運動的學生
自評身體健康狀況較差
該研究結果是第一個指出團隊運動對高中前兒童（年齡12∼14歲） 的健康可能產生潛在影響的研究。但在2005年，一些研究者曾進行了一項綜合一般體能活動和健康認知的調查，超過90％的青少年從事一些「激烈體能活動」，另外67％表示有參與團隊運動。研究發現，單純從事劇烈活動對男生來說，在評價個人健康或生活滿意度上，沒有正向影響。而女生方面，從事劇烈活動者的生活滿意度明顯較高，但在健康上沒有更好或更壞的差別。
而從本研究來看，團隊活動與健康的關聯則比較明顯，無論男女孩只要參與團體活動，都感覺比較健康，對整體生活滿意度也較高。沒有參加團體運動的男生及女生，自己評價身體健康是「普通」或「不佳」的機會，比參加者高出5倍及30倍。


團體運動可增進人際關係
提升活力及學習團隊合作

長庚醫院精神科系兒童心智科主任吳佑佑表示，此研究結果是合理的，因為和團隊運動相比，進行個人運動時，是較缺乏社會互動的。團隊運動不單純只是運動，而像是小型社會的縮影，在團隊中透過與他人互動的刺激，有助青少年藉此學習到團隊合作、社交技巧，進而更能融入整個團體之中，因此團隊運動除了能有助提升中學生的活力外，自然也有助於改善其生活滿意度。

董氏基金會心理衛生組主任葉雅馨表示，雖然上述研究沒有對不同類型的團隊運動進行比較，但通常在運動項目上只要有團隊性、有目標性，可與朋友相處，對國高中生都是好的誘因。常常單純的個人運動需要靠意志力或是因為身體狀況的需求（如：壓力過大需紓解、減重）才會持續，對於不喜歡單純、重複動作運動的人，增加誘因可有效鼓勵其運動行為，例如：運動可和朋友相處、聊天或是透過小型競賽增加成就感。董氏基金會去年10月份對國高中生的運動調查數據顯示，32.6％的國高中生運動的主要原因就是『可以和同學朋友在一起』，也可印證團體運動的好處。寒假年假即將到來，可多鼓勵年輕人相約進行休閒運動，過個活力十足的長假。

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